The winter months are very much upon us, and with them, dropping temperatures, decreased daylight and layers of dense, dark clouds. It’s easy to interpret this as the green light to put away your SPF. However, if you’re looking to curb the effects of aging, skin cancer and sun-induced pigmentation, sunscreen all year round is non-negotiable. Here is everything you need to know about wearing SPF in winter.
Why do I still need to wear SPF in the winter?
It’s a common misconception that, because it’s not so hot or sunny during winter, there’s no need to wear sunscreen. However, the sun emits two types of UV rays, UVA and UVB, all year round. While levels of UVB decrease in winter (the type of ray that causes sunburn), UVA persists (these rays cause cellular damage and skin cancer), with a recent study showing that up to 80% of UVA rays can penetrate cloud cover.
UVA rays can penetrate the skin as far down as the dermis layer (above the hypodermis and below the epidermis), which is where Collagen and the elastin fibres are (they provide structure and elasticity for the skin). If this layer is damaged, it can worsen the ageing process and lead to wrinkles or sagging skin. UVB, on the other hand, doesn't penetrate as far down into the skin, only reaching the top epidermis layer of the skin. It can still cause damage in the form of sunburn.
Do I need to wear it if I’m not going outside?
Yes, absolutely. You might assume that staying indoors is enough to protect your skin from sun damage, but unfortunately, it’s not that simple. While glass will protect you from UVB (sunburning) rays, UVA rays can penetrate windows - even when there is seemingly no sunshine. So, no matter where you are, or what time of the year it is, applying SPF should be as routine as brushing your teeth.
SPF and winter sports
For the lucky ones amongst us, winter might mean hitting the slopes on a ski trip. Amongst all the adrenaline, fun and fondue, it’s worth remembering that UV radiation increases with elevation, so if you head up the mountains, you are at higher risk of UV damage. Even with all the protective gear, it is crucial to apply sunscreen before you ski. According to NASA, snow and ice reflect up to 90% of the sun’s rays, so the rays hit you twice and can cause major damage. For winter sports, up the ante and apply a higher SPF, broad spectrum sunscreen (preferably SPF 50).
What are the benefits of wearing SPF?
There’s a long list of benefits to wearing sunscreen everyday:
Maintaining your collagen and elastin levels
Exposure to UV can cause a breakdown of collagen and elastin in the skin. When collagen and elastin become damaged, your skin loses its suppleness. A daily application of sunscreen protects against the loss of collagen and elastin.
Reducing and preventing skin damage
It’s also beneficial for preventing the worsening of pigmentation, alongside melasma, a common skin condition where grey or brown-toned patches develop on the face. These patches are caused by the overproduction of melanin, which can be triggered by sun exposure. A daily dose of sunscreen can also help those with rosacea-prone skin, as UVA in particular can aggravate the condition.
Supporting your skincare products
Sunscreen is also a must if you’re using Retinol or exfoliating acids, such as Glycolic Acid. Exfoliating removes the top layer of the skin, bringing fresh, new cells to the surface and these cells are much more sensitive to UV rays, regardless of the time of year. To avoid redness and irritation, it’s important to wear sunscreen and to apply it regularly.
Reducing the risk of skin cancer
The benefits of being diligent with sunscreen aren’t purely aesthetic. The best way to prevent skin cancer is simply to wear your sunscreen. It’s not just for the days you spend on the beach in the summer; it’s something you should be using every day, throughout the year. Rain or shine.
